Chemist

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Country

Year

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Marie Curie`

Physicist and chemist. Radioactivity.  Discovered radium and polonium

Poland

1867-1934

Michael Faraday

Experimental physicist, chemist and inventor.  Electrochemistry. Electromagnetic induction.`

United Kingdom

1791-1867

Louis Pasteur

Microbiologist and chemist.  The germ theory of disease.  Vaccination using weakened bacteria.

France

1822-1895

John Dalton

Chemist, meteorologist and physicist.  Atomic theory. Table of atomic weights. Color blindness. 

England

1766-1844

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier

Chemist.  The nature of combustion.  The law of conservation of mass.

France

1743-1794

Alessandro Volta

Physicist and chemist.  The electric battery.

Italy

1743-1827

Linus Pauling

Chemist, biochemist, quantum chemist and molecular biologist. Atomic structure.  Chemical bonds.  Protein architecture.

United States

1901-1994

Rosalind Franklin

Chemist and X-ray crystallographer.  The structure of DNA

United Kingdom

1920-1958

Dmitri Mendeleev

Chemist.  The periodic table

Russia

1834-1907

Robert Hooke

Biologist, physicist and chemist.  Cells.  Gravity. The air pump.

England

1635-1703

Alfred Nobel

Chemist and engineer.  Dynamite.

Sweden

1833-1896

Benjamin Franklin

Physicist, chemist, geographer, oceanographer, meteorologist and statistician.

United States

1706-1790

Henry Cavendish

Experimental and theoretical chemist and physicist.  The composition of air.

England

1731-1810

Amedeo Avogadro

Physicist and chemist.  Molecules.  Avogadro’s Law. Physicist and chemist.  Molecules

Italy

1776-1856

Otto Hahn

Chemist and physicist.  Nuclear fission.  

Germany

1879-1968

Joseph Priestley

Physicist and chemist.  Soda water.  Oxygen.  Electrical force

England

1733-1804

James Watt

Inventor, engineer and chemist.  Steam engine. Horsepower.

Scotland

1736-1819

Joseph Louis-Lussac

Chemist and physicist.  Gay-Lussac’s Law.  

France

1778-1850

Robert Bunsen

Chemist.  Spectrochemical analysis. Discovered caesium and rubidium

Germany

1811-1899

Gertrude B. Elion

Biochemist and pharmacologist. Purines. Immunosuppressive and antiviral drugs.

United States

1918-1999

Craig Venter

Biochemist and geneticist.  The human genome.

United States

1946

Sir Humphrey Davy

Chemist and inventor.  Electrolysis. Davy lamp. Electrochemistry.

United Kingdom

1778-1829

Justus Von Liebig

Chemist.  Organic chemistry. Fertilizer. Law of the Minimum. Liebig condenser. Nutrition theory

Germany

1803-1873

Julius Robert Mayer

Physician, chemist and physicist. Thermodynamics. Law of conservation of energy.

Germany

1814-1878

Henri Becquerel

Physicist and chemist. Radioactivity

France

1852-1908

Hermann Emil Fischer

Chemist.  Fischer esterification.  The Fischer projection.

German

1852-1919

William Ramsay

Chemist. The noble gases

United Kingdom

1852-1916

Frederick Sanger

Biochemist. The structure of proteins.  Sequencing of insulin

United Kingdom

1918-2013

Gordon Moore

Physicist, chemist and computer scientist.

United States

1929-